East Asia & Pacific · GDP rank #20

Taiwan

TW · TWD @ 0.0318/USD

Tab 03

Rails & infrastructure

The instant rail, the RTGS spine, the card switch, the direct-debit scheme, and the country's CBDC stance. Each rail is reported with operator, launch year, and 2024 flow so the relative scale across rails is readable at a glance.

CBDC status is deliberately granular: live, pilot, preparation, live stalled, and sceptical, no pilot are different things.

CBDC · Pilot

Digital New Taiwan Dollar (retail pilot)

Target · 2028 (decision milestone 2027)

CBC retail pilot entered Phase 1 in January 2026 with five banks (Bank of Taiwan, Mega, CTBC, First Bank, Taishin) under FSC sandbox covering ~20,000 participants. A go/no-go decision milestone is targeted for 2027 with potential rollout in 2028. CBC has stated it has 'no timetable' for full issuance.

Pilot

Instant payments

FISC Inter-bank Transfer (24/7 A2A)

The instant leg typically carries the vast majority of retail consumer flow in modern payment systems — and sits in direct tension with card networks and wallets for the same transactions.

FISC operates Taiwan's 24/7 interbank network — one of the world's oldest continuously-operating instant rails; per-transaction limit raised to NT$3m in 2024.

Operator
Financial Information Service Co. (FISC)
Live since
2.0k
Per-txn limit
3,000,000 TWD
Fee per txn
NT$0 for small-value online banking transfers under NT$1,000; tiered up to NT$30 for NT$3m

Transactions · 2024

2.6B

Cleared value · 2024

284.0T TWD

Participating institutions

78

RTGS

CIFS (CBC Inter-bank Funds Transfer System)

The RTGS spine clears high-value interbank flow — including the settlement of the instant-rail cycles and card-network net positions. Transaction count is modest; cleared value is enormous.

Operator
Central Bank of the Republic of China (CBC)

Transactions · 2024

18.4M

Cleared value · 2024

740.0T TWD

Card switch

NCCC (National Credit Card Center) + FISC

NCCC processes ~60% of domestic card volume — owned by 38 member banks; FISC provides the underlying switching layer.

Source · NCCC

Direct debit

FISC ACH

Direct debit is the boring rail that carries recurring subscriptions, utilities, and payroll pull-payments. It is routinely the largest single channel by count after cards.

Transactions · 2024

340.0M