East Asia & Pacific · GDP rank #30

Vietnam

VN · VND @ 0.0000379/USD

Tab 04

Economics

The macro backdrop that actually bends payment behaviour. Nominal GDP, real growth, CPI, policy rate, and FX volatility set the backdrop; interchange, MDR, FX regime, and capital-control posture set the industry-specific dynamics.

Vietnam is the world's 10th-largest remittance recipient; diaspora of ~5.3m generates persistent inflows. SBV held refinancing rate at 4.5% through Q2 2026.

Nominal GDP

$510B

Real GDP growth

6.7%

CPI inflation

3.1%

Policy rate

4.5%

Unemployment

2.1%

30-day FX volatility

1.4%

Remittance inflows

$19.2B

Remittance outflows

$0.4B

FX posture

How the currency is managed

The FX regime and capital-control posture together determine how much of cross-border flow is priced against the interbank and how much is administratively steered.

FX regime: managed float within ±5% band around central rate
Capital controls: significant — outbound capital transfer requires SBV approval; FX earnings from exports must be surrendered within 30 days

30-day currency volatility

0.0%benchmark 2.5%1.4%

Scale 0-15%. Benchmark 2.5% marks the approximate median across G10 majors.