Southern Asia · GDP rank #33

Pakistan

PK · PKR @ 0.0036/USD

Tab 03

Rails & infrastructure

The instant rail, the RTGS spine, the card switch, the direct-debit scheme, and the country's CBDC stance. Each rail is reported with operator, launch year, and 2024 flow so the relative scale across rails is readable at a glance.

CBDC status is deliberately granular: live, pilot, preparation, live stalled, and sceptical, no pilot are different things.

CBDC · Research

Digital Rupee

Target · pilot 2026-27

SBP announced intention to launch a digital rupee in 2023 with pilot originally targeted for 2025; IMF EFF review and competing priorities have pushed timelines. No working pilot as of May 2026.

Research

Instant payments

Raast

The instant leg typically carries the vast majority of retail consumer flow in modern payment systems — and sits in direct tension with card networks and wallets for the same transactions.

Raast launched 2021 with P2B; P2P added January 2022; bulk payments added 2024. Cumulative value crossed Rs50 trillion in 2025; user base reached ~48 million. Government-payments mandate completes end-FY26.

Operator
State Bank of Pakistan (SBP)
Live since
2.0k
Per-txn limit
1,000,000 PKR
Fee per txn
P2P free to consumers; merchant fees capped

Cleared value · 2024

50.0T PKR

Participating institutions

41

RTGS

PRISM (Pakistan Real-time Interbank Settlement Mechanism)

The RTGS spine clears high-value interbank flow — including the settlement of the instant-rail cycles and card-network net positions. Transaction count is modest; cleared value is enormous.

Operator
State Bank of Pakistan (SBP)

Transactions · 2024

8.4M

Cleared value · 2024

1080.0T PKR

Card switch

1LINK

1LINK is an 11-bank consortium operating ATM switching, PayPak scheme and domestic card clearing; works in parallel with Raast.

Source · 1LINK

Direct debit

1LINK Direct Debit (Bill Payment + BBFS)

Direct debit is the boring rail that carries recurring subscriptions, utilities, and payroll pull-payments. It is routinely the largest single channel by count after cards.

Transactions · 2024

130.0M