North America · GDP rank #1
United States
US · USD @ 1.0000/USD
The world's largest card market remains stubbornly fragmented on rails: FedNow, RTP, Zelle and Nacha ACH compete where most peers run a single national instant scheme. Interchange revenue underwrites a rewards arms race that is now at structural risk from the 2024 CFPB §1033 open-banking rule and the GENIUS Act stablecoin framework, which entered OCC and Treasury rule-making during early 2026.
Tab 05
Cross-border
Inbound and outbound remittance corridors, tourism flows, FX markup on retail cross-border, and the country's posture on stablecoin adoption. Corridor figures come from the World Bank RPW feed or the publishing central bank; both are cited when they disagree.
Remittance inflows
USD · 2023
Remittance outflows
USD · 2023
Inbound tourism spend
USD · 2024
Outbound tourism spend
USD · 2024
Avg. corridor cost
% · Q4 2024
Net sender
Top inbound corridors
- CanadaUS$1.9B
via bank
Top outbound corridors
- MexicoUS$61.8B
via MTO
- IndiaUS$26.7B
via MTO
- PhilippinesUS$17.7B
via MTO
Cross-border card
Card flow leaving and arriving
Cards issued domestically and used abroad reflect outbound consumer travel and cross-border e-commerce; volume acquired from abroad reflects inbound tourism and foreign online shoppers.
Issued volume spent abroad
USD/year · 2024
Acquired volume from abroad
USD/year · 2024
FX cost
What consumers pay above the interbank
Retail FX markup is the spread between the mid-market rate and the rate the consumer receives — the single largest friction point in small-ticket cross-border.
- FX regime
- free-float
- Reference
- USD is the global reserve currency; floats freely
Source · US Treasury OFAC
Full reference
Remittances
Net Position: sender
Source: