Europe · GDP rank #16
Netherlands
NL · EUR @ 1.1595/USD
Cards — specifically Maestro and its debit successors — dominate at the point of sale, while e-commerce runs almost entirely through iDEAL, the domestic bank-transfer scheme owned by a consortium of Dutch banks and being migrated into the pan-European Wero wallet. Cash usage is among the lowest in the euro zone. Regulatory posture is EU-compliant with a DNB emphasis on AML vigilance after the 2020s ING-ABN scandals.
Tab 05
Cross-border
Inbound and outbound remittance corridors, tourism flows, FX markup on retail cross-border, and the country's posture on stablecoin adoption. Corridor figures come from the World Bank RPW feed or the publishing central bank; both are cited when they disagree.
Remittance inflows
USD · 2023
Remittance outflows
USD · 2023
Inbound tourism spend
EUR · 2024
Outbound tourism spend
EUR · 2024
Avg. corridor cost
% · Q4 2024
Net sender
Top inbound corridors
- BelgiumUS$380M
via bank
Top outbound corridors
- TurkeyUS$1.1B
via MTO
- MoroccoUS$820M
via MTO
Cross-border card
Card flow leaving and arriving
Cards issued domestically and used abroad reflect outbound consumer travel and cross-border e-commerce; volume acquired from abroad reflects inbound tourism and foreign online shoppers.
Issued volume spent abroad
EUR/year · 2024
Acquired volume from abroad
EUR/year · 2024
FX cost
What consumers pay above the interbank
Retail FX markup is the spread between the mid-market rate and the rate the consumer receives — the single largest friction point in small-ticket cross-border.
- FX regime
- euro-area member
- Reference
- Euro adopted 1999 (notes/coins 2002)
Source · DNB
Full reference
Remittances
Net Position: sender
Source: